The emergence and spread of Christianity is associated with the birth, acts, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The basis of the new religion was the belief in the divine Saviour, whose biography is served mainly by the Gospels – four canonical and numerous apocryphal. In Church literature it is stated that in the city of Nazareth (Galilee), the Archangel Gabriel appeared to a simple girl (“virgin”) Mary and announced the upcoming birth of a son, but not from an earthly man, but from the Holy spirit (God). Mary gave birth to a son during the time of king Herod of Judea and the Roman Emperor Augustus in the city of Bethlehem, where she went with her husband, Joseph, a carpenter, to participate in the census. Shepherds, informed by angels, welcomed the baby, who was named Jesus (the Greek form of the Hebrew “Yeshua”, which means “God is the Savior”, “God saves me”).

When Jesus was 30 years old, he met John the Baptist and was baptized in the river Jordan. In the future, he gathered 12 disciples-apostles (“messengers”) and, going with them for 3.5 years, the cities and villages of Palestine, preached a completely new, peace-loving religion. In the sermon on the mount, Jesus justified the moral principles that became the basis of the worldview of the new era. At the same time, he performed various miracles: he walked on water, raised the dead with the touch of his hand (three such cases are recorded in the Gospels), healed the sick. He could also calm the storm, turn water into wine,” five loaves and two fish ” to feed to the full 5000 people.

Jesus ‘ preaching activities irritated the high priests in charge of the temple in Jerusalem, who declared him a false Messiah. After the Last Supper, held in Jerusalem, Jesus was betrayed for 30 pieces of silver by one of his disciples-followers – Judas. Captured on the mount of olives, he was condemned by the Jewish religious court-the Sanhedrin-and sentenced to death. The sentence was approved by the Governor of Rome Pontius Pilate. During the reign of the Roman Emperor Tiberius Christ was subjected to martyrdom-crucifixion.